1. What are your thoughts on what is said about the Jews at the start of the chapter? Where do you think they fit into Modern Day Christianity?

This chapter reminds me of the early Old Testament. A lot of people forget that the Semitic peoples (I am substituting this term for "Jew", as "Jew" has more religious connotations, rather than the ancestral meaning that is being put forth) were chosen at the dawn of man to be God's chosen people. Paul is careful to remind his readers (see: Romans 1:16, Romans 2:10) that Semites will receive both judgement and blessings first, but still in just measurement. The Israelites were entrusted with God's word first, and they were chosen by God first, and they will be first to receive rewards and judgements.

2. Paul describes people excusing their evil by saying the contrast makes God look greater. Do you think this is a fair justification? Why? Why not?

No. Doing evil in God's name does not glorify God, which is what He wants from humanity. The only way in which a person can glorify God is to be a representation of His love and kindness in the world, not by deliberately sinning. Besides, a person who truly has love for God is very unlikely to deliberately sin against Him. If you love someone, you're not going to do something to offend them or annoy them in order to showcase how merciful and patient they are.

3. Do you find the Old Testament Law to still be relevant after the crucifixion and resurrection? Why? Why not?

Yes and no. The "yes" is lies in God's intent in setting up these laws - by closely studying Old Testament laws and their connotations, humans can become better acquainted with His nature. For an example, see Leviticus 19:19:
Spoiler:
19) “‘Keep my decrees.
“‘Do not mate different kinds of animals.
“‘Do not plant your field with two kinds of seed.
“‘Do not wear clothing woven of two kinds of material.

These three laws all deal with things of "two kinds" - although these laws may seem arbitrary, I believe that they have a deeper meaning - they deal with God's desire to keep His people holy, and that they are meant to illustrate how He does not want His people to be "two-faced". However, the law was meant to be a guideline for the Israelites until Christ came (see: Galatians 3:24). Also crucial to understanding this issue is Matthew 22, verses 37-40:
Spoiler:
37 Jesus replied: “‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’ 38 This is the first and greatest commandment. 39 And the second is like it: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’ 40 All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments.”

To put it simply, the law means nothing if we do not love the Lord. Modern Christians are no longer bound by sacrificial laws, because Jesus has already sacrificed Himself. Nor are we bound by holiness laws (like the "two kinds" laws) because we are sanctified through Christ.

Did any verses stand out to you?
25 For God presented Jesus as the sacrifice for sin. People are made right with God when they believe that Jesus sacrificed his life, shedding his blood. This sacrifice shows that God was being fair when he held back and did not punish those who sinned in times past, 26 for he was looking ahead and including them in what he would do in this present time. God did this to demonstrate his righteousness, for he himself is fair and just, and he declares sinners to be right in his sight when they believe in Jesus.

Did this chapter raise any questions for you?
Just one: what was the purpose of the law period at all? Why exactly did Jesus come to the world when he did? It's not so much a disbelief question as a curiosity that I've often pondered.

(For reference, in my responses, I will be using the NIV translation when I add my own references)